What Is It Called When a Woman Has a Split in the Abdomen Muscle After Having Babies

• What Is a Hernia?
  • What is an abdominal hernia?
• Types
  • What are the dissimilar types of abdominal hernias?
• Coughing & Other Causes
  • What causes an intestinal hernia?
• Chance Factors
  • What are the run a risk factors for a hernia?
• Symptoms
  • What are the signs and symptoms of an abdominal hernia?
• Doctor Specialists
  • What types of medical professionals treat and repair hernias?
• Diagnosis
  • How do health care professionals diagnose intestinal hernias?
• Surgery
  • What types of surgery repair an abdominal hernia?
• Treatments
  • What nonsurgical treatments are available for an abdominal hernia?
• Complications
  • What are hernia complications?
• Prognosis
  • What is the prognosis for an abdominal hernia?
• Prevention
  • Is it possible to prevent an abdominal hernia?
• Eye
  • Hernia (Abdominal Hernia) nine Types, Symptoms, Causes, and Surgery Center
• Comments
  • Patient Comments: Hernia - Symptoms
  • Patient Comments: Hernia - Surgery
  • Patient Comments: Hernia - Types
  • Patient Comments: Hernia - Causes
• More than
  • Discover a local Surgeon in your boondocks

What is an abdominal hernia?

Picture of a adult female with hernia pain

An abdominal hernia occurs when an organ or other piece of tissue protrudes through a weakening in one of the muscle walls that enclose the abdominal cavity. The sac that bulges through the weak area may contain a piece of intestine or fat lining of the colon (omentum) if the hernia occurs in the abdominal wall or groin. If the hernia occurs through the diaphragm, the muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen, role of the tummy may be involved.

The intestinal wall is fabricated up of layers of different muscles and tissues. Weak spots may develop in these layers to let contents of the abdominal crenel to beetle or herniate. The most mutual abdominal hernias are in the groin (inguinal hernia), in the diaphragm (hiatal hernia), and the belly button (umbilical hernia). Hernias may be present at birth (congenital), or they may develop at any time thereafter (acquired).

What are the different types of abdominal hernias?

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Hernias of the abdominal and pelvic floor

• Inguinal hernias are the most common of the abdominal hernias. The inguinal canal is an opening that allows the spermatic cord and testicle to descend from the belly into the scrotum equally the fetus develops and matures. Later on the testicle descends, the opening is supposed to close tightly, simply sometimes the muscles that attach to the pelvis leave a weakened area. If later in life there is a stress placed on that area, the weakened tissues can permit a portion of modest bowel or omentum to slide through that opening, causing pain and producing a bulge. Inguinal hernias are less likely to occur in women considering at that place is no demand for an opening in the inguinal canal to permit for the migration and descent of testicles.
• A femoral hernia may occur through the opening in the floor of the abdomen where there is space for the femoral artery and vein to pass from the belly into the upper leg. Because of their wider bone structure, femoral hernias tend to occur more than oftentimes in women.
• Obturator hernias are the least common hernia of the pelvic flooring. These are mostly found in women who have had multiple pregnancies or who have lost significant weight. The hernia occurs through the obturator canal, another connexion of the abdominal cavity to the leg, and contains the obturator avenue, vein, and nerve.

Hernias of the anterior intestinal wall

The intestinal wall is made up of two sets of muscles on each side of the body that mirror each other. They include the rectus abdominus muscles, the internal obliques, the external obliques, and the transversalis.

• When epigastric hernias occur in infants, they occur considering of a weakness in the midline of the abdominal wall where the two rectus muscles join together betwixt the breastbone and belly button. Sometimes this weakness does not become axiomatic until subsequently in developed life every bit information technology appears as a burl in the upper belly. Pieces of bowel, fat, or omentum tin can go trapped in this blazon of hernia.
• The omphalus, or umbilicus, is where the umbilical string attached the fetus to female parent allowing claret circulation to the fetus. Umbilical hernias cause abnormal bulging in the navel and are very common in newborns and ofttimes practise not need handling unless complications occur. Some umbilical hernias enlarge and may require repair later in life.
• Spigelian hernias occur on the outside edges of the rectus abdominus muscle and are rare.
• Incisional hernias occur every bit a complication of abdominal surgery, where the abdominal muscles are cut to allow the surgeon to enter the abdominal crenel to operate. Although the muscle is usually repaired, it becomes a relative area of weakness, potentially assuasive abdominal organs to herniate through the incision.
• Diastasis recti is not a true hernia but rather a weakening of the membrane where the two rectus abdominus muscles from the right and left come together. The diastasis causes a bulge in the midline. It is different than an epigastric hernia because, the diastasis does non trap bowel, fat, or other organs inside information technology.

Hernias of the diaphragm

• Hiatal hernias occur when part of the stomach slides through the opening in the diaphragm where the esophagus passes from the chest into the abdomen.
• A sliding hiatal hernia is the well-nigh common type and occurs when the lower esophagus and portions of the stomach slide through the diaphragm into the breast.
• Paraesophageal hernias occur when only the stomach herniates into the chest aslope the esophagus. This tin lead to serious complications of obstacle or the breadbasket twisting upon itself (volvulus).
• Traumatic diaphragmatic hernias may occur due to major injury where blunt trauma weakens or tears the diaphragm muscle, allowing immediate or delayed herniation of intestinal organs into the chest cavity. This may also occur after penetrating trauma from a stab or gunshot wound. Usually these hernias involve the left diaphragm because the liver, located under the right diaphragm, tends to protect information technology from herniation of bowel.
• Congenital diaphragmatic hernias are rare and are caused past failure of the diaphragm to completely form and close during fetal development. This tin can lead to failure of the lungs to fully mature, and it leads to decreased lung function if abdominal organs migrate into the chest.
• The nigh common type is a Bochdalek hernia at the side edge of the diaphragm.
• Morgagni hernias are fifty-fifty rarer and are a failure of the front of the diaphragm.

Picture of different types of hernias.

Hernia Handling

Surgical repair is indicated for most hernias. All irreducible hernias need immediate evaluation considering of the possibility of becoming strangulated. In some situations, surgery may be delayed or unable to be performed. Your doctor may prescribe trusses or belts to help go along the hernia reduced. People with hernias and those that have had surgical repair of hernias should avoid heavy lifting and other activities that crusade high intra-abdominal pressure.

What causes an abdominal hernia?

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A hernia may exist congenital and present at birth or it may develop over time in areas of weakness within the abdominal wall. Increasing the pressure within the abdominal cavity can crusade stress at the weak points and let parts of the intestinal cavity to protrude or herniate.

Increased pressure inside the abdomen may occur in a variety of situations including

• chronic cough,
• increased fluid within the abdominal crenel (ascites),
• peritoneal dialysis used to treat kidney failure, and
• tumors or masses in the abdomen.

The pressure may increase due to lifting excess weight, straining to have a bowel movement or urinate, or from trauma to the belly. Pregnancy or excess abdominal weight and girth are also factors that can lead to a hernia.

What are the risk factors for a hernia?

Increased intra-intestinal pressure may lead to weakening of a portion of the abdominal wall, either acutely or gradually over time. Some hazard factors include the post-obit:

• Chronic constipation
• Chronic cough
• Recurrent vomiting
• Obesity
• Ascites (an aberrant collection of fluid in the abdominal cavity)
• Peritoneal dialysis
• Abdominal masses
• Pregnancy
• Intestinal surgeries (a risk for incisional hernias)
• Repeatedly moving or lifting heavy objects

SLIDESHOW

Pelvic Pain: What'due south Causing Your Pelvic Pain? Meet Slideshow

What are the signs and symptoms of an abdominal hernia?

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Most people tin can experience a burl where an inguinal hernia develops in the groin. There may exist a burning or precipitous pain sensation in the expanse because of inflammation of the inguinal nervus or a full feeling in the groin with activity. If a hernia occurs because of an result like lifting a heavy weight, a sharp or fierce pain may be felt. However, many people exercise non have any complaint other than a feeling of fullness in the expanse of the inguinal canal.

Complications occur when a piece of intestine or omentum becomes trapped (incarcerated) in the hernia sac. A piece of bowel may enter the hernia and become stuck. If the bowel swells, it can cause a surgical emergency as it loses its blood supply and becomes strangulated. In this situation, there can exist significant pain and nausea and vomiting, signaling the possible development of a bowel obstruction. Fever may be associated with strangulated, dead bowel.

A Richter's hernia is an uncommon type of hernia that leads to strangulation. Merely ane office of the bowel wall becomes stuck in the hernia. It won't necessarily cause a complete bowel obstacle initially, since the passageway of the intestine nevertheless allows bowel contents to laissez passer, just that portion of bowel wall that is trapped can start to swell, strangulate, and die.

Femoral and obturator hernias nowadays in much the same way as inguinal hernias, though considering of their anatomic location, the fullness or lumps may be much more than difficult to appreciate.

Umbilical hernias are easy to appreciate and in adults often pop out with whatever increase in abdominal pressure. The complications again include incarceration and strangulation.

A hiatal hernia does non crusade many symptoms by itself, simply when a sliding hernia occurs, the abnormal location of the gastroesophageal (GE) junction to a higher place the diaphragm affects its function and stomach contents tin reflux into the esophagus. Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) may cause called-for chest hurting, epigastric pain and burning in the upper abdomen, nausea, vomiting, and a sour taste from stomach acid that washes into the back of the throat.

A sports hernia is a tear or strain of any tissue in the lower abdomen or groin. Information technology causes pain in the groin or inguinal area. It can involve any soft tissue, including musculus, tendon, or ligament and tin be initiated by concrete activity, usually involving twisting or edgeless force trauma to the belly.

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What types of medical professionals treat and repair hernias?

Nearly frequently, primary intendance providers are the showtime to diagnose and treat a hernia. For hiatal hernias, usually medical, not surgical, intendance is needed and decision-making the symptoms of GERD is the primary goal. Occasionally, a gastroenterologist will be involved in the care to assess the severity of GERD. Some hiatal hernias practise require surgery and a general surgeon and/or a thoracic surgeon performs the operation, depending upon the location of the organs in the stomach or chest and the size of the defect in the diaphragm.

While primary care providers make the diagnosis of an abdominal wall hernia, it is the general surgeon who performs the functioning and repairs the hernia.

When a hernia becomes incarcerated, often the patient goes to the emergency section and the md there makes the diagnosis and sometimes can push the hernia back into identify (reduced). If the hernia is reduced, referral every bit an outpatient to a general surgeon may be an option. If the hernia remains trapped (incarcerated) or if at that place is concern that the hernia is strangulated, an firsthand consultation with a surgeon is required.

Hernias in the neonatal menses are oft recognized by the pediatrician or family unit doctor in the commitment suite or the newborn nursery. A pediatric surgeon may be consulted for their evaluation.

How do health care professionals diagnose intestinal hernias?

For inguinal hernias, most patients notice a feeling of fullness or a lump in the groin area with pain and called-for. Physical examination can usually confirm the diagnosis. Femoral or obturator hernias are more difficult to capeesh and symptoms of recurrent inguinal or pelvic pain without obvious physical findings may require a CT scan to reveal the diagnosis. Umbilical hernias are much easier to locate with the bulging of the belly button.

Hernias that are incarcerated or strangulated present a greater challenge since the potential complication of dead bowel increases the urgency. The health care professional person seeks clues of obstruction, including a history of pain, nausea, vomiting, or fever. During a physical test, a doctor may often discover that a patient has a markedly tender abdomen. These hernias are often exquisitely tender and business firm. The examination may be enough to suspect incarceration or strangulation and require firsthand consultation with a surgeon. Doctors may use X-rays or CT scans to confirm the diagnosis, depending upon the clinical state of affairs.

Doctors may exist able to diagnose hiatal hernias associated with GERD by learning a patient'south medical history during his or her concrete exam. A breast X-ray tin reveal part of the tummy within the chest. If in that location is concern about complications including esophageal inflammation (esophagitis), ulcers, or bleeding, a gastroenterologist may demand to perform an endoscopy.

QUESTION

What is a hernia? See Answer

What types of surgery repair an intestinal hernia?

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Inguinal hernia repair is ane of the most mutual surgical procedures performed in the U.S. with almost a 1000000 operations occurring each year. Well-nigh abdominal wall hernias are repaired electively when the health of the patient tin be maximized to subtract the take a chance of both the surgery and the anesthetic.

Surgery to repair a hernia may use a laparoscope or an open procedure chosen a herniorrhaphy, where the surgeon straight repairs the hernia through an incision in the intestinal wall. The type of operation depends upon the clinical situation and the urgency of surgery. The decision as to which operation to perform depends upon the patient's clinical situation.

Other intestinal wall hernias can similarly be repaired to strengthen the defect in the abdominal wall and decrease the complication run a risk of bowel incarceration and strangulation.

Sliding hiatal hernias may be treated surgically to place the stomach dorsum into the abdominal cavity and to strengthen the gastroesophageal junction. However, doctors do not routinely offer surgery because most symptoms are due to GERD and medical therapy is often adequate. Medication, nutrition, lifestyle changes, and weight loss may help control symptoms and minimize the need for surgery.

Paraesophageal hernia repair is done to prevent the complexity of strangulation or volvulus.

What nonsurgical treatments are available for an abdominal hernia?

If an inguinal or umbilical hernia is pocket-sized and does non crusade symptoms, a watchful waiting arroyo may exist reasonable. Routine follow-upward may be all that is needed, specially if the hernia does not grow in size. Yet, if the hernia does grow or if in that location is business organisation about potential incarceration, so surgery may exist recommended. Patients who are at high risk for surgery and anesthesia may exist offered a picket and wait arroyo.

Trusses, corsets, or binders can hold hernias in identify by placing pressure on the peel and intestinal wall. These are temporary approaches and potentially tin cause skin damage or breakup, and infection because of rubbing and chafing. They are frequently used in older or debilitated patients when the hernia defect is very large and there is an increased risk of complications should they undergo surgery.

Unless the defect is large, umbilical hernias in children tend to resolve on their own by one year of age. Surgery may be considered if the hernia is notwithstanding present at historic period iii or four, or if the defect in the umbilicus is big.

Hiatal hernias by themselves practice not cause symptoms. Instead it is the acid reflux that causes gastroesophageal reflux illness (GERD). Handling is aimed at decreasing acid production in the tummy and preventing acid from entering the esophagus. For more than, please refer to the Gastroesophageal Reflux Illness (GERD) article.

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What are hernia complications?

The major complexity of a hernia is incarceration, where a piece of bowel or fat gets stuck in the hernia sac and cannot be reduced. Swelling tin can occur to the signal that blood supply to the tissue is lost and it dies. This is called a strangulated hernia.

If a hiatal hernia is large, role of the tum and esophagus tin can displace into the chest. Depending on the situation and anatomy, the stomach can twist (volvulus), potentially leading to strangulation. This is a surgical emergency.

What is the prognosis for an abdominal hernia?

Almost patients who undergo constituent hernia repair practice well. Incisional hernias may recur upwards to ten% of the time. The prognosis for patients who undergo emergent hernia repair because of incarcerated or strangulated bowel depends upon the extent of surgery, how much intestine is damaged, and their underlying health and concrete status prior to the surgery. For this reason, constituent hernia repair is much preferred.

Is it possible to prevent an abdominal hernia?

While built hernias cannot exist prevented, the risk of developing a hernia that occurs every bit life goes on can exist minimized. The goal is to avoid an increase in pressure within the abdomen that could stress the weak areas in the abdominal wall.

• Maintain a healthy weight.
• Eat a healthy nutrition and exercise routinely to minimize the adventure of constipation and straining to have a bowel movement.
• Use proper lifting techniques specially when trying to elevator heavy objects. This is important to call up at work, home, and in sports.
• Terminate smoking to subtract recurrent coughing.
• If a hernia develops, seek medical care to have information technology evaluated and potentially treated before it gets too big or becomes incarcerated.

From

References

Fitzgibbons, Jr., R.J., and R.A. Forse. "Clinical practice. Groin hernias in adults." The New England Journal of Medicine 372.8 Feb. 19, 2015: 756–63.

Townsend, C.M., R.D. Beauchamp, B.M. Evers, and One thousand.M. Mattox. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery: The Biological Ground of Modernistic Surgical Practise, 20th Ed. Elsevier, 2016.

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